Milling and Baking with Heritage and Ancient Grains: Bread and Beyond

[Kerry Beal]

12 hours ago, Wholemeal Crank said:

More on how home milling is not just about bread.....

 

A Cracker Primer

 

This is how I make crackers.  I was making two different batches of crackers this day, one batch of Corny Crackers, and one batch of Four-Seed Snapper crackers from Peter Reinhart's Whole Grain Breads.

I love crackers, and like homemade ones, but was frustrated with the effort to yield ratio required, and the lack of crispness if I didn't get the dough perfectly thin, or the high proportion of scorched crackers if I did roll them perfectly thin.  I've since figured out some tricks that make it a lot easier and more efficient to make a bunch of them at once.

After you've prepared the dough of your choice, let it rest and chill if required, and preheated the oven to about 400 degrees or as called for in your recipe, pat handfuls of dough into a rough rectangle and place on a baking sheet liner (teflon, silicone, heck, parchment would probably work too).  If needed, set the liner on a damp towel to keep it in place on your work surface as you roll out the dough.

 

 

Dust below and the top of the dough lightly to keep it from sticking to the rolling pin.

 

 

Roll out the dough to desired thinness (usually 1/16" to 1/8", 2-3mm), rolling always from the center out to the edge, to avoid the edge rolling sticking and rolling up onto the pin.  

Next, dock the dough:  with a fork, or better yet, a rolling docker, prick the dough evenly.  This is to keep the dough from ballooning up like pitas as it bakes and making uneven crackers.

 

 

Now cut the crackers, with a knife (gently so it won't damage your baking sheet liner) or a rolling pizza cutter or other cutter.  I use a pasta cutter here.

 

Now the crackers are ready to transfer to the baking sheet.  

 

This is a slick trick:  no spatulas and careful arrangements needed.  Just slip directly onto the baking sheet, liner and all.

 

Now slide the baking sheet into the preheated oven.  I keep baking tiles in the oven pretty much all the time, and bake two sheets worth of stuff at once.

I set the timer for halfway through the baking time, and switch the sheets top and bottom and flip them front to back for even baking.

 

I do not try to get them fully crisp at this time--the first baking is to brown them.  They're going back in the oven like biscotti do to get crisp.  This way I will be able to get all of them crisp without burning many or any, or doing a dance with the oven to remove them as they're done while letting others bake on.  

Once they're done, I set them aside, still on their baking sheet, unless I need to reuse the sheet and liner.  If I were not double-baking them, I would remove them to cooling racks at this step.

 

Then after all the dough is baked once, I turn off the oven and open the door until the temp is about 250 degrees F or so.  Then I return the crackers to the oven, loosely piled on baking sheets, and set the temp to 150°F (for overnight crisping) or 200°F (for at least two hours).  This is hot enough to dry and crisp them but not hot enough to burn them.

 

Remove them carefully--even 150°F is plenty hot to burn bare fingers--and let them cool on a rack.  

Then enjoy your double-baked, crisp, easy crackers.

 

Thanks for the primer. 

 

That is a very lovely rolling pin!

[KennethT]

Your photos and method look great!  But, for some reason, I always thought that crackers were a laminated product - the dough is folded many times (like a croissant) before finally being rolled thing and cut.  I once saw a video of an industrial cracker factory and they had a huge machine that would drop a thin sheet of dough onto a conveyor - but the conveyor didn't only move one way - it moved back and forth to progressively stack dough in a few layers as the conveyor went down.  It would then go through another huge machine that would roll the layered batch into a single thin smooth layer.

 

Skip to around 1:57 for the rolling/sheeting

[Wholemeal Crank]

There are different kinds of crackers!  I mostly make whole grain crackers without laminations, depending on thinness, coarseness of grains/seeds and levels of fats to keep them from breaking teeth.  That's where the coarse-ground grains from the hand-mill come into things--they break up some not-so-fat-rich doughs.  Peter Reinhart's seedy snapper crackers used the oily seeds for tenderizing, but they depend on absolutely fresh seeds and being eaten quickly to keep the crackers tasting fresh.  The eating quickly bit is mostly not a problem because they're delicious, but the absolutely fresh seeds is not always easy to arrange. 

 

I did finally figure out how to make laminated soda crackers (saltines) , but I've not prepared a photo primer on that yet.  Here are the finished crackers....

 

Homemade Saltines by debunix, on Flickr

 

Too much to do, too little time.  I'm working on photo primers on a couple of cookies right now.

 

 

[Katie Meadow]

 Saltines. Real homemade saltines with just milled whole grains. @Wholemeal Crank, won't you be my neighbor? 

[kayb]

On 11/30/2019 at 4:01 PM, Wholemeal Crank said:

This is how I make crackers.

 

Thank you for this! 

 

Got any good gluten-free crackers you can suggest?

[Wholemeal Crank]

6 hours ago, Katie Meadow said:

 Saltines. Real homemade saltines with just milled whole grains. @Wholemeal Crank, won't you be my neighbor? 

 

The problem wih the saltines is that they're so darn good they disappear FAST.  Even double or triple batches.   The butter is definitely part of the reason.

 

5 hours ago, kayb said:

Got any good gluten-free crackers you can suggest?

 

I've only recently started to work on this due to friend's celiac diagnosis, and the 'Tangy Aromatic Crackers' from Alice Medrich in Flavor Flours, are by far the best yet. 

 

[kayb]

13 hours ago, Wholemeal Crank said:

 

I've only recently started to work on this due to friend's celiac diagnosis, and the 'Tangy Aromatic Crackers' from Alice Medrich in Flavor Flours, are by far the best yet. 

 

 

And I can (and just did) get that on Kindle Unlimited. Thanks again.

 

[Shelby]

Made another loaf of 100% whole wheat bread from Serious Eats.  I figure now is a great time to ramp up my bread game.

 

[Wholemeal Crank]

A fabulous invention this morning:

 

Rosemary-Raisin Walnut Scones

Preheat oven to 400 degrees

If you have a mill, mill these together:
    250 grams soft white wheat
    50 grams brown rice (makes the scones a little crunchy on the outside)
    1 teaspoon dried rosemary
    1/2 teaspoon thyme (optional)
    1/2 teaspoon coriander seeds (optional)
     1 clove (optional)
    1 inch vanilla bean, cut into bits

 

[If no mill, consider
   2 cups of all purpose flour or whole wheat pastry flour or blend of these, substituting up to 1/3 cup of rice flour, if you have it, for some extra crunch
   1 teaspoon ground rosemary
   1/2 teaspoon ground coriander (optional)
   1/2 teaspoon ground thyme (optional)
   itty-bitty pinch of clove (optional)
   and add 1 teaspoon vanilla with the juice, water/buttermilk, and egg below]
 
1 teaspoon soda
1 teaspoon cream of tartar
1/2 teaspoon salt
2 tablespoons brown sugar
1/4 cup buttermilk powder OR use buttermilk to complete the liquid volume below (powdered version allows more concentrated flavor despite limited liquid component of recipe)

25 grams flaxseed, ground in a clean coffee mill/spice grinder (optional, good fiber & omega 3 and nutty flavor)

 

Stir/strain/sift all the dry ingredients together until thoroughly mixed

 

1 cup raisins
zest of orange you juice for the next step
up to 1 teaspoon fresh rosemary leaves
3/4 cup toasted walnuts (about 12-15 minutes at 325 spread onto bare baking sheet usually does fine)

 

Chop these an add to dry ingredients or easier still, put the dry ingredients in the bowl of your food processor, and process the raisins, zest and rosemary until the raisins are small bits; then add the walnuts and pulse a few times until coarsely chopped

 

8 tablespoons cold butter

 

grate or use pastry blender to cut into small bits and mix with the dry ingredients

 

1 egg
1 lemon, juiced
1 orange, zested and juiced
 plus water or buttermilk (if not using powder) to total 3/4 cup

Whisk the egg, juice, and water or buttermilk together and just stir into dry ingredients until all moistened

drop large spoonfuls on lined or greased baking sheets; wet your hands and pat into neat rounds 1/2 inch thick, and bake for 20 minutes.  I bake 2 sheets at once in my convection oven and turn front/back and top/bottom at the 10 minute mark.

 

 

 

Edited June 1, 2020 by Wholemeal Crank
Forgot flaxseed, added notes (log)

[Wholemeal Crank]

I am staring at almost 2 kg of Kernza branded perennial wheat

https://landinstitute.org/our-work/perennial-crops/kernza/

and trying to figure out what to do with this preciou$ $tuff ($$$ but this is my kind of shopping therapy) to really figure out what it can do.  I am thrilled to try a perennial wheat crop, so much potential (carbon capture! low/no till! so many benefits!), although these little tiny kernels do make me a bit wary.  It's so small, and clearly has a much smaller surface to volume ratio than durum, spelt, emmer, einkorn, hard red or soft white wheats.  

 

Here's the Kernza, including one cut in half for a view of the endosperm:

 

 

And here is durum wheat, not to same scale:

 

 

Hard Red Fife Wheat, ditto

 

 

And plump soft white wheat, ditto

 

 

I went a bit crazy today and shot all the grains I had in the pantry at present...usually there's millet too but must have run out.  I made a flickr album with very up-close macros of all of them.

 

 

It's baking qualities will likely be quite distinctive:

 

Quote

Thinopyrum intermedium, known as intermediate wheatgrass (IWG), is one of several perennial crops available for potential food use. The overall objective of this work was to investigate the chemical, functional, and baking properties of wholegrain flour obtained from the grains of 16 IWG breeding lines. Compared to wholegrain wheat flours, IWG wholegrain flours had higher protein, dietary fiber, and ash, yet were lower in starch content and deficient in high molecular weight glutenins. The ratios of amylose to amylopectin among the wholegrain flours of IWG and wheat were similar, but IWG flours exhibited lower viscosity during heating and cooling. Dough from IWG flour had lower stability, resistance to extension and extensibility compared to dough from wheat flour. While bread from IWG flour had similar specific volume to one of the wheat flours, it had lower rising capability due to weaker gluten network forming ability. Although IWG flour might not be ideal for bread products that require rising properties, results indicated that it could be suitable for other applications.

(*)

 

And this Civil Eats article describes some things to watch out for, but it's hard to know if the wheat I've got is the same as was being discussed in 2015:

 

Quote

 

Zachary Golper, baker and owner of the bakery Bien Cuit in Brooklyn, made test batches of bread with 40 pounds of whole grain Kernza flour. While the protein content is higher–20g as opposed to 16g–its ratio of gliadin and gluten is very far off from wheat, making it difficult to apply standard recipes....Golper first made a plain hockey puck out of 100 percent Kernza. Then he let it ferment for over 24 hours in a warm environment, where it became extremely bitter. So Golper tried a basic method for low acidity, and started to get interesting results. “I could taste the grain in a way that I’m not sure anyone has. It speaks of an old grass flavor. But I found that there was this thing–sort of a metallic taste–I couldn’t eliminate.”

 

....Beyond bread, Kernza is also appearing in whiskey. Ventura Spirits, a California-based spirit company known for using unique ingredients has picked up the grain for it’s dual value: taste and environmental impact. Henry Tarmy, one of the partners at Ventura Spirits, says the grain has a surprising bouquet–floral, light, and almost fruity–even straight off the still. “We started experimenting with it because it’s exciting to be part of a work in progress and in some small way we can help usher in commercial viability. But then we found out, well shit, this stuff is really delicious,” Tarmy says.

 

 

 

Metallic taste would be unpleasant, but I've been playing a lot with gluten-free baking because of a friend's Celiac diagnosis, so this is not necessarily a major problem for cookies, cakes, pancakes, muffins, scones, crackers, and flatbreads, because flax and chia do wonders to stick stuff together....and certainly not an issue for soups.  And this stuff has such an intoxicating sweet and spicy scent when I opened the package that I could hardly believe it until I had decanted the packages into a glass jar and left them overnight--and the scent is still there.  

 

I don't have 40 lbs to play with, but I've got mills and lots of practice mixing and matching grains to recipes.  I'm thinking first a plain crisp flatbread or cracker (flour/water/bit of butter or oil/salt/ammonium carbonate (to keep them from being like rocks)); a simple cookie or scone without a lot of fruit, nuts, spices; something like zuppa di farro to enjoy it cooked whole.....and making each of these in small quantities, in parallel with 1-2 other wheats to compare.  

 

*Version of Record: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0733521018303771 Manuscript_d9bd1455f820fb61bf71577f53554980
Chemical characterization, functionality, and baking quality of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium)
1121 Citra P. Rahardjo , Chathurada S. Gajadeera , Senay Simsek , George Annor ,
1 1,3,* 1,* Tonya Schoenfuss , Alessandra Marti , Baraem P. Ismail
1
2
3
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
*A. Marti: Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via G. Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy; email: alessandra.marti@unimi.it
*B. P. Ismail: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, Saint Paul, MN 55108, U.S.A; email: bismailm@umn.edu
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, U.S.A
Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, U.S.A
Keywords: perennial crop; Thinopyrum intermedium; chemical and functional characterization; baking quality
1
© 2018 published by Elsevier. This manuscript is made available under the Elsevier user license
https://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/

Edited August 30, 2021 by Wholemeal Crank
formatting for legibility (log)

[Wholemeal Crank]

I milled and baked with Kernza perennial wheat for the first time last night. 

 

 

I was absolutely thrilled to discover the fabulous scent carries through in the milled flour and the baked product--cookies, naturally, for the first go-round.   And the flour is a remarkably rich shade of yellow, like semolina or even a bit brighter.  I was not thinking fast enough to include something in these photos to correct the white balance, but still the color difference vs some soft white wheat flour should be pretty obvious with the two flours side by side:

 

 

 

I made a simple shortbread cookie, without any seasoning or spices or seeds or nuts or fruits or anything:  just flour, butter, buttermilk, brown sugar, salt and leavening.  The cookies smell and taste like the flour did:  vanilla, almond extract, floral, and a bit of cinnamon and cloves.  

 

 

The shortbreads came out rather dense and hard, because I wanted to stick as closely as possible to the Kernza flour alone and avoid diluting the flavor with other grains, so I did not mix in oat and rice for softness & crumbliness as I would have otherwise.  But their flavor is marvelous!

 

I can't wait to try the Kernza just cooked up as breakfast porridge (will be soaking them overnight for a treat tomorrow morning); and as some kind of flatbread that won't depend so much on having the usual bread-flour type/proportion of glutens.  Because it's still quite remarkably pricey (about $10/lb), it's not yet going to replace my other staples just yet....but I am going to keep playing with it to learn about it's culinary qualities, and figure out some places to use it to best effect for sharing.....for those potlucks we're going to have again someday post-COVID.
 
It gives me hope for the future of perennial grains. 

[Wholemeal Crank]

And just in case someone is looking for an update about cooking the kernza for breakfast:   I let it go dry during cooking in the microwave and clearly need to work on my technique, little bit by little bit.  Next time, stovetop for easier monitoring.

[Wholemeal Crank]

Digression for cooked whole Kernza:

 

Had a breakfast of Kernza perennial wheat cooked as....not quite porridge, but cooked for breakfast. It was a trial to see how it is best managed, and there was so much adjustment that my notes are no longer as precise as I'd like them to be.  For example, I was planning to weigh the water used before and after cooking it with an excess of water just to keep track of how much water was absorbed, but I not only forgot to measure it at the beginning, I ate some of the grain at early on and decided it was not done enough and returned the rest to the pot to keep going.  So....I can tell you what I did, but I would not follow this as guidance on porridge or pilaf prep!

 

But:  my nose was filled with the lovely sweet fragrance, although eating it plain without even a dollop of honey, cream, or fruit meant that scent was not backed up with much sweet taste. It is nutty, fragrant, and it cooked up rather unevenly as I did this batch.  I'm not sure how much of the unevenness is because it is not very genetically standardized yet, or my cooking.  Still, it seems like it will be just lovely in soups and pilafs when I have figured it out better than this.

 

What I did:

Because I did not know how much water it might need, I did not try rice cooker or pressure cooker.  

I started with 50 grams of Kernza.  I heated a small saucepan, added a teaspoon of butter, let it melt, and added the Kernza.  I stirred it until there was a lot of popping sound (and indeed, a few kernels flew out when they popped), and it smelled toasty.  

Then I added 400-500 mL of water and brought it to a boil.  I cut the heat to a gentle simmer and turned off after 5 minutes, let sit 5 minutes, and tested.  The tested kernels were soft so I drained it (saved the water, fortunately), and started in but it was overall still quite chewy.  

 

I put it back on, back to boil, to low heat, simmered 10 more minutes, and noted a lot of kernels had opened up; I let sit 5 minutes and tested again.  It was quite edible but about half were still quite small/narrow and a bit too crunchy.  This time, at least, I had not drained it all.

 

10 more minutes to simmer, and then I turned off the heat and let it sit on the stove overnight.

 

This morning I drained it, warmed in the microwave, and ate it.  Obviously not the optimum prep, but it's a start.

I think this represented the drained after 5 minutes' simmer version:

 

 

And this was as I ate it utterly plain this morning:

 

 

 

Edited September 12, 2021 by Wholemeal Crank
clarify off-topic-ness (log)

[Wholemeal Crank]

And back to baking:  I had more adventures with Kernza perennial wheat 2 weeks ago:   I made some yeasted rolls, unyeasted flatbreads, and sugar cookies.  

 

For the breads, I wanted to use 100% Kernza flour to see what it could do, and I made very plain doughs.  Because it looks so much like durum, and all the notes I found on it suggest it's gluten is high in concentration but more like durum in being too tough for the usual yeasted bread, and thought it might do well in something more like chapati, which are made with a durum flour.   I used about Kernza, milled fine, a teaspoon of salt, and water to make a soft dough;

 

 

let it rest overnight; and rolled out small balls of dough very thin and baked on silpat-lined trays. 

 

 

The dough kept that Kernza scent and flavor, and the flatbreads are quite tasty whether dipped in hummus, or in honey-butter, as here.

 

 

 

I made the yeasted dough very wet and soft, more like a stiff batter,

 

 

and prepared little rolls in a muffin tray. 

 

 

These were made with a bit of old sourdough starter and some instant yeast, and again, the kernza scent and flavor comes through quite pleasingly along with a fine hearty taste.  When warmed up, they've got a very pleasant texture

 

 

with plenty of air to absorb soup, bean broth, or as here, more honey-butter.

 

 

I started with

250 grams Kernza
3 tablespoons sourdough started that had been refrgerated and not recently refreshed
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/4-1/2 teaspoon instant yeast
and water (I didn't keep track of the exact quantity, there were spills involved, but it was probably close to 100% hydration).

I mixed the dough in the Cusinart, let it rise for several hours, refrigerated it overnight because it was getting too late to bake, let it warm up the next day, punched it down a bit, and then dropped balls of the batter into the ungreased muffin trays.   I let it rise an hour or two, and baked about 20 minutes at 350 in my convection oven.  

 

I also prepared a very soft plain butter cookie, in which I cut the Kernza with some rice to give a more delicate and crunchy crumb.  I made the dough into icebox cookies--shaping the very soft dough into rolls was not easy!--and sliced and baked.

 

I milled together
  225 grams kernza
   75 grams short brown rice

strained/whisked in
1/2 teaspoon soda
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/4 cup buttermilk powder
1/2 cup brown sugar

beat in until loose crumbles
3/8 cup (3/4 stick) unsalted butter

and then beat in about
1 cup water

Shaped into logs, chilled, sliced thin, baked.

 

I shared some of these cookies at work and they were popular. 

[Wholemeal Crank]

Closest yet to brownies without being brownies, AND gluten-free!:

Fudgies based on a recipe from Alice Medrich's Bittersweet....but messed with considerably to be whole grain, gluten-free, and lower sugar because that's how I roll...

 

8 oz 70% sharffenberger chocolate
3 tablespoons butter

 

3 eggs
1/2 cup sugar

 

40 grams teff ground into finest possible flour

 

5 grams ground flaxseed
2 inches vanilla (about 2 teaspoons vanilla extract)
1/4 teaspoon mahleb (or 1/2 teaspoon almond extract)

 

1 tablespoon buttermilk powder
1/4 teaspoon baking powder
1/8 teaspoon salt

 

2 cups toasted pecans
100 grams dried sour cherries

 

Melted the chocolate and butter in the microwave, slowly/low power with stirring, to avoid hot spots/scorching.

 

Milled the teff separate from the spices and flax because it would have gummed up the mill; ground the flax, mahleb and vanilla bean in the small spice grinder aka coffee grinder (never used for coffee beans); and whisked these together with the baking powder, salt, and buttermilk powder.

Whirled the nuts and cherries briefly with the flour.

 

Beat the sugar and then the eggs into the chocolate/butter mixture.

Stir in the flour/nuts/cherries mixture.

Let sit 30 minutes at least to thicken briefly.

 

Slightly rounded tablespoons dropped onto silpat lined pans (little spread), oven preheated with convection & baking steels in place, 350 degrees at 12 minutes.  Must be cautious re:  scorching of bottoms in these chocolate-rich cookies.

[Wholemeal Crank]

Sadness:  I have to come back and report that the 50 pound bulk bag of Kernza perennial wheat that I recently bought is very different from the smaller bags that I purchased originally. The wheat in those first bags had and incredible scent and taste, as though ordinary wheat had been crossed with vanilla orchid.  It's textural and mechanical baking qualities were otherwise not as easy to work with as other commercial and heritage wheats, although its nutritional and sustainability profiles were remarkably attractive in their own right.  It was that magical flavor that got me most excited, and that magical flavor is absolutely missing from the bulk bag.  It is still wheat that has great promise to help with climate change because it is a perennial and that is going to sequester tremendously more carbon in the soil than conventional annual grain crops, but it is not the recipe magic found in those smaller bags.

 

So now I'm left wondering what happened.  I know that one or two of the reviews I read originally mentioned that it is still a highly variable crop, and that they do expect variability in flavor and baking properties because of not-yet-fixed genetics, and there were even allusions to more than usual impact of soil conditions on flavor from one field to another.  

 

So is that incredibly flavorful version lurking in the genetics with a potential to become the standard if it is bred for that?  

Was it something about the soil of a specific crop that was packaged in the smaller bags?  

Or did the grain in that first crop spend a lot of time mixed with wildflowers while between field and cleaning, like a hay from a mixed wildflower meadow being cut and stacked and dried as one for days or weeks, and only threshed and cleaned for packing after having been thoroughly scented?  

Here I'm thinking of the tradition of scenting tea with jasmine flowers, where are you traditionally layer tea leaves with jasmine flowers in a box for a day or two, remove the jasmine flowers and then add more, repeating the process seven or more times for the top grade of jasmine tea.  

I'm going to give these folks the benefit of the doubt and not assume that they deliberately sprayed the wheat with some perfumed extracts before it was packaged...but my runaway enthusiasm has tempered a bit.  

 

Meanwhile, I've gotten some lovely results with yeast breads by using plenty of fats for tenderizing, and making dough that is more batter-like in being very very wet, and baking it in muffin tins, not quick breads with chemical leavening, but also not standalone loaves.  

 

[heidih]

50 pounds - kinda sucks. Have you relayed this to the producer or others who are working with the grain? Sure they would welcome your detailed observations. Agronomists are surely interested in yield and cost ratios, but marketability is a factor for a niche clientele. 

[Wholemeal Crank]

I repurposed some of the Lebkuchen I made (posted about them in another topic)--they're tasty, but a little goes a long way--as a crumb base to soak up the extra liquid in apple/pomegrante tarts this week.  Whirled them in the food processor to make fine crumbs, then sprinkled them down before covering with the apple/pomegranate mixture.  I spiced up the apples and pomegranate (cooked down pomegranate juice with a sprinkle of sugar and some agar) with ginger and cardamom and a tiny splash of rosewater to complement the seasonings in the Lebkuchen crumbs.  Very fine.  The pastry was made with fresh milled bulk soft white wheat with a bit of mahleb, and I used 50:50 vodka:water and 100% butter, and it came out very crumbly/flaky and delicious.

 

[Wholemeal Crank]

It's been a big baking weekend....

Last night I made what was going to be Rosemary walnut cookies, but there were no walnuts to be had at Trader Joe's, and I decided I should conserve what I have for the moment for a different use (walnut dip).  So they are Almond Rosemary cookies, and I made them with corn flour and ground flaxseed to make them gluten-free because I hope to see my celiac buddy soon and wanted to have some of these available to share with him.  And then I forgot the lemon, so that they're a little more nutty and a little less bright and citrus-rosemary-ish.  Still quite tasty, and I'm very pleased with the corn/flax mix and finished texture.

 

I based them on my Rosemary-walnut cookies but ended up with this:

 

Rosemary-Almond Cookie Press Cookies with Corn Flour:  Gluten free with corn flour and almonds
 

1 cup unsalted butter
2/3 cup light brown sugar

3 large eggs
[Juice & zest of 1 small lemon (forgot)]
(**1 teaspoon almond extract, if not using mahleb)

 

If you mill the grain yourself*:

 175 grams corn
 2 teaspoon rosemary, dried
 1 teaspoon fennel seeds
 1 teaspoon mahleb**

 

350 grams of toasted almonds, finely ground

 

If you don't have a nut grinder (grater), you can grind them in the food processor together with the rosemary and a couple of tablespoons of flour, which will help keep the pieces light and dry and not turning into walnut butter.  They must be very fine to avoid clogging the cookie press, so you might need to sift the resulting meal to remove any larger bits.

 

50 grams flax, finely ground in spice mill

 

1 teaspoon ammonium bicarbonate
1 teaspoon salt

 

Preheat the oven to 325 degrees F.

 

Whisk together the almond meal, ammonium bicarb, salt, corn flour and ground flax (and spices, if not milled with the grain).  Set aside.

Cream the butter and sugar together until smooth and light.  Beat in the eggs, and lemon juice & zest, and almond extract if not using mahleb.  

Stir in the flour/nut mixture and mix just until smooth.

 

Fill the press and press onto silicone lined or ungreased baking sheets.   Bake 325 degrees F for about 15 minutes, until the cookies are golden at the edges.

 

 

 

*If you do not mill the corn yourself, you could substitute....

 

 175 grams corn flour, about 1 1/3 cups

 

And add

2 teaspoons dried rosemary leaves
1 teaspoon of fennel seed
1 teaspoon of whole mahleb seed**

To the flax before grinding it in the spice mill or use more or less volume per volume of ground spices.

 

 

[Wholemeal Crank]

And before I forget, I also made the Tangy Aromatic Crackers from Flavor Flours again, which I mentioned upstream when someone asked about gluten-free crackers.  I used Lundberg's Black Japonica rice for 100% of the rice flour in the original recipe, so these are very dark, almost black.  I tried them once with brown basmatic rice instead, and it did make a difference in the flavor, so I have sought out the Black Japonica for these again and again.  And I use some lemon juice in addition to the balsamic for more tang (this time I remembered the lemons!).  And ammonium bicarbonate because I've been playing with it in things that I cook to adequate crispness.

 

They're thick but light and crispy because no gluten and abundant fat plus seeds breaking things up 

 

[Wholemeal Crank]

I heard back from the Perennial Pantry people, and they attribute it to genetic variation:  "We've been looking into this ourselves, and with researchers at the U of MN. Different Kernza lots taste differently right now - it seems like genetics, location, crop year, and intercropped plants can have impacts. We've only experienced that unique flavor you're referencing in 2 lots of grain from southern MN, and haven't seen it again yet in the 2021 harvest."

 

Now wondering if I should be saving and planting some of the little bit I just found left of that original batch!

[Wholemeal Crank]

Made some Saltines this past weekend with part Kernza flour, and documented how I do the laminating step with flour (in contrast to butter layers in flaky pastry).  The dough was very wet and soft because I was afraid the usual stiffer dough would tear with the Kernza giving more of a durum-like gluten character to the dough.  And as I often do, I washed the top of the dough with food-grade lye to make them 'Pretzeltines', following proportions for the wash from Rose's Bread Bible Pretzel Breads (1 teaspoon food-grade sodium hydroxide pellets to 1 cup boiling water), wearing gloves while handling the bottle of lye and the lye wash, and using a mop-like brush to thoroughly wash the crackers before sprinkling with flaky salt.  It gives a lovely pretzel flavor to the crackers and makes them just utterly irresistible.

 

The very wet, soft dough after rising:

 

 

Rolled out and one set of flouring/folding and rolling out again later:

 

from the end showing the layers

 

 

About 1/6th of the dough cut off the end of this and rolled, docked, cut, lye-washed before baking:

 

 

and after baking, you can see the shiny hard finish the lye gives to the upper side of the crackers:

 

 

And despite being made from a very soft dough without the strongest bread-type gluten, you can see that they're plenty light inside

 

 

To make it all clearer, here's video of the laminating process

 

Saltine Lamination Video

 

 

 

[Wholemeal Crank]

And on the same baking day, I made cinnamon rolls.  This uses another favorite baking trick:  I cut the rolled up dough with a length of waxed dental floss.  It cuts it neatly and helps keep the shape nice after cutting:

 

 

 

A little egg wash and proofing, and they went off to the oven.  Mmmm.

 

Editing to add, back on topic, that these were made with 70 or 80% Red Fife and the remainder soft white wheat. 

Edited January 1, 2022 by Wholemeal Crank (log)

[heidih]

I've seen that floss trick for cake layers but not for a yeasted soft dough - good to knough

[Shelby]

On 12/7/2021 at 12:32 AM, Wholemeal Crank said:

I heard back from the Perennial Pantry people, and they attribute it to genetic variation:  "We've been looking into this ourselves, and with researchers at the U of MN. Different Kernza lots taste differently right now - it seems like genetics, location, crop year, and intercropped plants can have impacts. We've only experienced that unique flavor you're referencing in 2 lots of grain from southern MN, and haven't seen it again yet in the 2021 harvest."

 

Now wondering if I should be saving and planting some of the little bit I just found left of that original batch!

This is very interesting.  Thanks for reporting back.  You were lucky to get a taste of that wonderful batch!