I am in Madrid at the moment with dh, and have followed this thread for the last couple of days. I thought I'd post some of our experiences as well. We went to Cava Baja last night, trying Tempranillo, el Camarillo and Txirimiri based on the recommendations above. We also tried a few other places while waiting for the others to open (we too struggle with the late Spanish hours). Txirimiri was sensational. I took their business card and noticed that it says "alta cocina en minatura" which I completely agree with. Having already had various plates of nuts and olives with our earlier drinks,the 2 raciones we had were really enough for the rest of the night - very generous portions of first a very rich and tasty boletus ravioli with truffle oil, and second their take on a hamburger - toasts with mayo, lettuce, caramellize onion and a patty of what we think from our poor Spanish was pork mince and duck liver coated in something unidentified but very tasty. It also had a mushroom sauce. Unfortunately we needed to save room for later, so couldn't try any of the pre-prepared tostas at the bar. They also offered some quite different selections to other bars. At Tempranillo we had a plate of very yummy hand cut jamon iberico and a plate of manchego - a bit more cheese than we needed, and at el Camarillo we just had the red pepper spread on bread that came with our drinks, as by then we were very full. At all we just had whatever wine arrived when we asked for vino tinto, and all were very nice. Worth mentioning was our tapas crawl the previous evening - at Calle de Manuela Malasana, in the Malasana district, which is near where we are staying. Firstly, we were there from about 7pm, and nearly everything was already open, and secondly, we tended to get a decent tapas at each bar with our drink (i.e. something over and above simply nuts or olives), so it ended up a cheap evening out. In one place we splashed out a bought 2 very good tostas, one with goats cheese and one with the little fake elvers and (also fake, but how could it not be for the price) caviar, prepared freshly by the sole bartender. I couldn't tell you the actual names of any of the bars, but it is not a long street and worth a wander down in my view. A restaurant that we lunched at and enjoyed, particularly for the rather hectic ambience, was Taberna Maceiras (Huertas 66). Quite a queue builds up and it didn't seem very touristy. The food was very nice but it was watching the waiting staff rush around and manage to keep service running very smoothly that was priceless. We also had lunch at a little place near Reina Sofia, not wonderful in itself, but where we discovered the bargains to be had when ordering the menu del dia. We thought EUR 9 each for 2 courses was good value, but when the bill came and it turned out the price also covered our bottle of wine, bottled water, bread and coffee, we were converted to this way of eating. Next stops Barcelona and San Sebastien, where we have bookings at Gresca and Etxebarri respectively. Very much looking forward to that.